Compare Florence areas on the map, with local evidence and source details.
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated. District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free. Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors. Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic. The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated. District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free. Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors. Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic. The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated.
District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free.
Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors.
Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic.
The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
- European Commission JRC and INFORM partners · Italy INFORM Mid-2026 components
Natural=4.9; Current Conflict Intensity=1.0; Infrastructure=0.5; Access to health care=0.4. Published 0–10 components multiplied by ten for the existing research risk scale.; Country humanitarian-risk priors, not measured local street risks. European Union, CC BY 4.0.
- UNODC via UN Statistics Division · Italy national homicide and theft
Homicide: 0.6 per 100,000 (2023); theft: 1417.2 per 100,000 (2022). Country observations.; Weak property calibration: existing France research risk 45 + bounded(10 × log2(1417.2/2011.4), ±20), using the same-year UN theft series. Definitions and reporting differ between countries.
- European Commission, CARE and national sources · Italy road deaths, 2025 preliminary
49 deaths per million residents, converted to 4.9 per 100,000. Preliminary estimate. European Union, CC BY 4.0.
- ISPRA · Florence mapped P2 flood exposure, 2020
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated.; District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free.; Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors.; Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic.