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도시 전체 연구 추정치: 49/100. 모델 척도에서 높을수록 더 안전합니다. 근거 날짜: · 자료 신뢰도: D
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128개 지역 표시 ·
경계: OpenStreetMap contributors · Johannesburg municipal wards (Open Data Commons Open Database License 1.0)
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A low-confidence first reference using South Africa-level structural indicators and official warnings about violent crime, kidnapping, terrorism, and unrest.
Batch-generated global-scale research estimates. Local signals are used when available; otherwise documented country-level baselines and official current-condition guidance provide a low-confidence first reference. Not travel advice.
Overall-only public-alpha estimate. Ward variation is a conservative four-kilometre proximity signal from 39 community-mapped police and fire-station points that fall inside the current Johannesburg ward boundaries, anchored to Johannesburg's global city score. Fire stations receive a small transparent capacity weight. OpenStreetMap facility coverage is not an authoritative or complete government register, and proximity is not response time or performance: the model ignores roads, traffic, staffing, equipment, availability, incident demand and hazards, while centroid proximity can misrepresent large wards. Only infrastructure-response access varies; crime and other dimensions do not vary by ward, no day/night difference is inferred, and this is not an official ward ranking. OpenStreetMap boundaries are for display only; not travel advice.
alerts are not long-term baseline risk; event footprint may not equal traveler exposure; alert severity cannot be copied directly into Safrom score
country-level only; humanitarian risk framing differs from traveler exposure; composite inputs can overlap Safrom dimensions; current event conditions require separate signals
country-level only; reporting and justice-system differences; latest year differs by country; not traveler-specific
country-level only; availability does not measure emergency accessibility; latest year differs by country; distribution within a country is hidden
country-level only; collection is not annual for every country; some values are modeled estimates; resident exposure differs from traveler exposure
does not provide a comparable Johannesburg incident rate; U.S.-traveler perspective; advisory level is not an absolute safety score; large within-city and time-of-day variation remains hidden
country-level only; modeled perceptions rather than traveler incidents; cannot represent neighborhood variation or current events; confidence intervals must not be discarded