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Compare Florence areas on the map, with local evidence and source details.
Safrom's citywide research estimate is 82/100. Higher scores mean safer on the model's scale. Evidence as of . Confidence: D.
5 areas with estimates. Area evidence as of .
mapped_p2_flood_land_percentage · 2020-01-01/2020-12-31.
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated. District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free. Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors. Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic. The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
Download the scored safety layer and calculation evidence (GeoJSON)
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated. District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free. Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors. Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic. The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
Boundaries: Istat · Florence quarters 2021, May 2026 release (CC BY 4.0; Source: Istat. Reprojected and simplified by Safrom. https://www.istat.it/en/legal-notice/).
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated. District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free. Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors. Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic. The citywide score uses Italy national priors. Local evidence adjusts only disaster_and_environment.
Natural=4.9; Current Conflict Intensity=1.0; Infrastructure=0.5; Access to health care=0.4. Published 0–10 components multiplied by ten for the existing research risk scale.; Country humanitarian-risk priors, not measured local street risks. European Union, CC BY 4.0.
Homicide: 0.6 per 100,000 (2023); theft: 1417.2 per 100,000 (2022). Country observations.; Weak property calibration: existing France research risk 45 + bounded(10 × log2(1417.2/2011.4), ±20), using the same-year UN theft series. Definitions and reporting differ between countries.
49 deaths per million residents, converted to 4.9 per 100,000. Preliminary estimate. European Union, CC BY 4.0.
Local evidence is the ISPRA national 2020 P2 flood-hazard mosaic (v5.0), using the approximately 100–200-year return-period scenario. It is a historical structural exposure baseline, not a current flood warning or current legal planning boundary; later local PGRA amendments are not incorporated.; District metric is the percentage of land intersecting mapped P2 flood polygons. It does not measure a visitor’s probability of harm, building protection, flood depth, or crime. All five districts have positive mapped exposure; unmapped land is not classified as flood-free.; Five Istat 2021 city quarters, May 2026 release; area calculated in UTM 32N before geometry simplification. Only disaster_and_environment varies locally; all other dimensions retain explicitly labelled Italy national priors.; Source: ISPRA (2020), Pericolosità e indicatori di rischio alluvioni – Piattaforma IdroGEO, https://idrogeo.isprambiente.it. CC BY 4.0, https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. Aggregated and scored by Safrom; ISPRA does not endorse these estimates. The July 2025 license document page 2 explicitly covers the 2020 flood mosaic.