Scores are global-scale research estimates. R marks work in progress; none are travel advice.
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A low-confidence first reference using Malaysia-level structural indicators and official normal-precautions guidance, with Kuala Lumpur property risk kept visible.
Safrom's citywide research estimate is 77/100. Higher scores mean safer on the model's scale. Evidence as of . Confidence: D.
11 areas with estimates. Area evidence as of .
Overall-only public-alpha estimate. Constituency variation is a conservative three-kilometre proximity signal from 27 community-mapped police-station points that fall inside the current Kuala Lumpur parliamentary boundaries, anchored to Kuala Lumpur's global city score. OpenStreetMap facility coverage is not an authoritative or complete government register, and proximity is not response time or performance: the model ignores roads, traffic, staffing, equipment, availability, incident demand and hazards, while centroid proximity can misrepresent large constituencies. Only infrastructure-response access varies; crime and other dimensions do not vary by constituency, no day/night difference is inferred, and this is not an official constituency ranking. DOSM parliamentary boundaries are for display only; not travel advice.
Boundaries: Department of Statistics Malaysia · Malaysia parliamentary constituency boundaries (Department of Statistics Malaysia Open Data License).
Batch-generated global-scale research estimates. Local signals are used when available; otherwise documented country-level baselines and official current-condition guidance provide a low-confidence first reference. Not travel advice.
alerts are not long-term baseline risk; event footprint may not equal traveler exposure; alert severity cannot be copied directly into Safrom score
country-level only; humanitarian risk framing differs from traveler exposure; composite inputs can overlap Safrom dimensions; current event conditions require separate signals
country-level only; reporting and justice-system differences; latest year differs by country; not traveler-specific
country-level only; availability does not measure emergency accessibility; latest year differs by country; distribution within a country is hidden
country-level only; collection is not annual for every country; some values are modeled estimates; resident exposure differs from traveler exposure
eastern Sabah kidnapping restrictions do not describe Kuala Lumpur; guidance is qualitative rather than a comparable city rate; advisory level is not an absolute safety score; U.S.-traveler perspective
country-level only; modeled perceptions rather than traveler incidents; cannot represent neighborhood variation or current events; confidence intervals must not be discarded